Philosophy In Jain Agams: Cheda Sūtras

In cheda sūtras, there is an ample description of the conduct of Jain ascetics. The description can be divided into four parts -

1. Utsarga - General prescriptive rules
2. Apavāda - Relaxation according to special circumstances
3. Doṣa - Breach of Laws/Vows
4. Prāyaścitta - Atonement for transgression

These four are essential for any regulatory system.

Cheda Sūtras occupy a significant place in the Jain Āgamas. Jain culture is known as śramaṇa dharma. To follow śramaṇa religion, practice of the ethical code of conduct is essential. The totality of Jain ethics is available in cheda sūtras.

Different sects of Śvetambara tradition are not unanimous regarding the number of Cheda Sūtras. Sthānakavāsī and Terāpanthī sects accept four cheda sūtras-

1. Daśāśrutaskandha
2. Bṛhatkalpa
3. Vyavahāra
4. Niśītha

On the other hand, the idol - worshipping traditions accept six cheda sūtras including Mahanisītha and Jītakalpa in the above list.